Complexity of Coupled Human and Natural Systems
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Complexity of coupled human and natural systems.
Integrated studies of coupled human and natural systems reveal new and complex patterns and processes not evident when studied by social or natural scientists separately. Synthesis of six case studies from around the world shows that couplings between human and natural systems vary across space, time, and organizational units. They also exhibit nonlinear dynamics with thresholds, reciprocal fee...
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Humans have continuously interacted with natural systems, resulting in the formation and development of coupled human and natural systems (CHANS). Recent studies reveal the complexity of organizational, spatial, and temporal couplings of CHANS. These couplings have evolved from direct to more indirect interactions, from adjacent to more distant linkages, from local to global scales, and from si...
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Coupled human and natural systems (CHANS) are integrated systems in which human and natural components, including wildlife, interact with each other (Liu et al., 2007a; Chapter 2). Previous chapters (Chapters 3–14) have extensively explored complex human–nature interactions in a single coupled system—Wolong Nature Reserve—from numerous angles and by integrating information from multiple discipl...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science
سال: 2007
ISSN: 0036-8075,1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.1144004